Gods of Management :: GCSE Business Marketing Coursework

Gods of ManagementThe author, in the Gods of Management, attempts to classify four distinct management cultures that exist within all organizations. The author further uses the ancient classical gods to symbolize these management cultures or philosophies. There are four attributes of management cultures or philosophies present within all organizations. The four cultures are the club (genus Zeus), parting (Apollo), task (Athena), and existential (Dionysus) cultures.The first culture the author discusses is the club or Zeus culture. The author uses a spider web to represent the club culture. The lines give out out from the center represent divisions of work based on functions or products (Handy p. 14). The most important lines however are the encircling lines, the ones that surround the spider in the middle, for these are the lines of power and influence, losing importance as they go farther from the center. The relationship with the spider matters more in this culture th an does any formal title or position description (Handy p.14). The author also maintains that this type of culture is excellent for speed of decisions (Handy p. 15). However, the author also informs the reader that because of its speed, quality is dependent upon Zeus and his inner circle. This results in an emphasis being placed upon the selection and succession of Zeus. The club culture achieves its speed through empathy. This in turn leads to very fiddling documentation within the organization and face to face meetings between Zeus and his subordinates or contacts. Furthermore, this culture is dependent upon networks of friendships, old boys, and comrades (Hardy p.16). Because of the high level of trust, the author asserts that this type of organization is cheap to operate. The only costs incurred in this type of organization are those of phone and travel expenses. In essence, these types of organizations value the individual, give him or her escaped rein, and reward th eir efforts.The second type of culture that the author discusses is the role or Apollo culture. This type of culture bases its approach on the definition of the role or the descent to be done. The symbol the author uses to represent this type of culture is a Greek temple. The pillars of the temple represent the functions and divisions in an organization. The pillars are joined managerially only at the top, the pediment, where the heads of the functions and divisions join together to form the board,

Collegiate Athletes Have A Different College Experience Essay -- Athle

Collegiate Athletes Have A Different College ExperienceEveryone has his or her own ideas of what the college visualize should overwhelm and be like. Some thoughts on the subject include going out a lot, meeting lots of crude people, and dating many assorted people. Other people consider it the education, and finding someone to nail down with.The college experience means your academic and social experiences you have during your cartridge clip in college. They be the friends you meet, and hang out with. The classmates you meet and work with, and also the professors you partake with in your years at school, said Tyler Grogan, a senior football player.Are athletes in college haveting the same experience as the non-athlete disciples, or do practices and other playing period related events take up too much time? Do all of the practices, games, weight lifting, and time spent in the homework room interfere with their learning, or to a greater extent than than with their social l ife? For the majority of the varsity athletes at Northeastern, their commitment to their team leaves little time to be voluminous in much else.The transition from high school to college can be a tough one. Young people must deal with making new friends, learning how to manage time and their new base freedom, and getting used to being away from home. In coming to college there is more responsibility put on oneself. Students no longer have teachers taking attendance every day, and reminding them about all of their assignments. If the student does not go to class in high school, their p bents be notified in college there are no checkups. If students choose to not go to class, then they normally end up failing. Because of the involvement with athletics, is it easier for athletes coming in to c... ...et by, and to get a degree, and not worry about their GPA. For most female athletes the chance to play their sport professionally is very slim, so they tend to put more stock into their class work and school. The two teams with the highest GPA here at Northeastern University are the womens volleyball team and the womens hockey team.The five-year platform here at Northeastern offers the student-athlete to simply be a student for a year. Tyler Grogan found that once his eligibility for football was over, he had a lot more time. With his extra time he has been able to meet a few more people, and has more time to spend with them because he no longer has football to take up the majority of his time.In general student-athletes just have less time to spend doing anything besides their sport. The college experience is different for them, but not necessarily better. Collegiate Athletes Have A Different College Experience Essay -- AthleCollegiate Athletes Have A Different College ExperienceEveryone has his or her own ideas of what the college experience should include and be like. Some thoughts on the subject include going out a lot, meeting lots of new peop le, and dating many different people. Other people consider it the education, and finding someone to settle down with.The college experience means your academic and social experiences you have during your time in college. They are the friends you meet, and hang out with. The classmates you meet and work with, and also the professors you deal with in your years at school, said Tyler Grogan, a senior football player.Are athletes in college getting the same experience as the non-athlete students, or do practices and other sport related events take up too much time? Do all of the practices, games, weight lifting, and time spent in the training room interfere with their learning, or more with their social life? For the majority of the varsity athletes at Northeastern, their commitment to their team leaves little time to be involved in much else.The transition from high school to college can be a difficult one. Young people must deal with making new friends, learning how to manage time an d their newfound freedom, and getting used to being away from home. In coming to college there is more responsibility put on oneself. Students no longer have teachers taking attendance every day, and reminding them about all of their assignments. If the student does not go to class in high school, their parents are notified in college there are no checkups. If students choose to not go to class, then they usually end up failing. Because of the involvement with athletics, is it easier for athletes coming in to c... ...et by, and to get a degree, and not worry about their GPA. For most female athletes the chance to play their sport professionally is very slim, so they tend to put more stock into their class work and school. The two teams with the highest GPA here at Northeastern University are the womens volleyball team and the womens hockey team.The five-year program here at Northeastern offers the student-athlete to simply be a student for a year. Tyler Grogan found that once his e ligibility for football was over, he had a lot more time. With his extra time he has been able to meet a few more people, and has more time to spend with them because he no longer has football to take up the majority of his time.In general student-athletes just have less time to spend doing anything besides their sport. The college experience is different for them, but not necessarily better.

Storm & Calm in Emily Brontes Wuthering Heights :: Wuthering Heights Essays

Wuthering Heights Storm & Calm The theme of Wuthering Heights, by Emily Bronte, is a universe of opposing forces-storm and calm. Wuthering Heights, the land of storm, is a sturdy house that is set up high on the windy moors, belonging to the Earnshaw family. The house is highly aerated with emotion of hatred, cruelty, violence, and savage love. In comparison, Thrushcross Grange, the land of calm, is settled in the valley and is the residence of the genteel Lintons. The same differences exists between Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange, as they do in Heathcliff and Edgar. As Catherine points out, the contrast between the two resembled what you see in exchanging a bleak, hilly, coal country, for a beautiful fertile valley. (Bronte 72) The Lintons, and the social and material advantages they stand for move around Heathcliffs rivals for Catherines love, which leads directly to the central conflict of the novel. Heathcliff despises them at first sight for their weakness, but C atherine, being an extremely proud girl, is tempted. A lovers triangle begins to get hold of definite shape when the aristocratic Edgar Linton falls in love with Catherine, upsetting the balance between the relationship of Catherine and Heathcliff. Edgars love for Catherine is sincere, but the element of coarse passion which is strongly characterized does not compare to Heathcliffs love. The difference between Catherines feeling for Heathcliff and the one she feels for Linton is that Heathcliff is a part of her nature, while Edgar is only a part of her superficial love. For he (Heathcliff), like her, is a child of storm and this makes a bond between them, which interweaves itself with the very nature of their existence. (Cecil 26) Emily Bronte makes a point in the novel to mention the fact that Catherines affection for Heathcliff remains unchanged in spite of the Lintons influence over her. As Catherine confesses to Nelly that Heathcliff and her share the same soul, and excessive ly declares I am Heathcliff. (Bronte 84) Her pride, yearning for the world of the Lintons, has gotten the better of her natural inclination, and she knows she has made the wrong decision by marrying Edgar. Catherine, naturally a child of storm, is unable to bourgeon at Thrushcross Grange, while she is married to Edgar. Her mind becomes disturbed, which is the first sign of her degeneration. The pragmatic reality at the Grange cannot fill the void that she has made for herself in leaving her crazy childhood environment.

Children & schools Essay -- essays research papers

Field rifle Paper          Observation     For my observation program, I was placed in the Progressive School of Long Island, located in Merrick. I was assigned to work with Kindergartners under the supervision of teachers Jennifer Frank and Sangeeta Patel. It was explained to me that the students at this school learn at their own pace, and that is what separates them from public school sisterren. They are usually ahead of children their age, however. For example, the Kindergartners I discovered were learning from first grade math text books.      The classroom was uniquely set up. on that point are no desks in the room, besides the teachers desk. Children sat at tables and chairs. Their books and supplies were kept in cubbys in the back of the room called, "Responsibility bins". For the most part, the teachers walked freely around the room instead of stationed at their desk. This is called an "open classroom". It was a style that was encouraged in the 1970s inside classrooms.       there were two large wooden lofts inside the room. Children can climb ladders and sit on top of them. There was also an art table in the back corner of the room. The art table contained paper, markers, glue, crayons, scissors and glitter. Children were encouraged to be creative while in this area. There was also a computer area. The children are able to use them freely. The games on the computer are educational and were made fun for the students. Decorations were hung all over the protects as well. There were posters showing numbers and the alphabet, which the teachers and children go over each morning. There were also posters of shapes, animals and colors. In one corner there was a set of classroom rules for everyone to follow, including the teachers. Next to the rules was a "Superstar" chart. Each child has its own monthly chart. They are able to earn a star each day. However, if a child misbe take fors, or breaks the rules, they lose their star for that day. For every eight stars a child earns, they get one big star on the "Superstar" chart. For every one-third stars they earn on that chart, they receive a token prize. This is considered token reinforcement. The charts are sent home with each child every month. On another wall wa... ...educational or social lives, however. Children who are in that business mature incredibly fast. Children need time to socialize and have fun.      As for the child whose mother became spastic with cancer, I would not know how to react to this situation with one of my students. I hope that the teachers understand and consider her situations before placing her in time out. I would wishing to be fair. However, I know that she would need to be punished if she misbehaved. On the other hand, I would want to be easier with her due to her family circumstances.   & nbsp Overall I enjoyed notice at the Progressive School. It was a completely different experience from any public school I had seen. I honestly feel that the notes I have taken and the times I experienced inside the classroom will help me through teaching when I have my own class. I alike the styles of teaching that the teachers used. They acted more of the students friends than an authoritative figure. I learned so many ways to react to different circumstances. I agree with most of the ways that the teachers handled everything. I hope to teach in this type of environment in the future.

An Investigation of Avon Essay -- Business Management Studies

IntroductionIn this project I entrust undertake large research into a large sized worry. I have previously chosen the company Avon. My research willinvolve the collection of both native and secondary data. I willcompete the report, which will include* Brief background information about the business and what it does* A description of the aims and objectives of the business* An sagaciousness of how successful the business is in meeting its objectives* An translation of the juristic structure of the business and consider how appropriate is it* An explanation of how each functional area contributes towards the aims and objectives of the agreement* A detailed explanation and diagram of the organisational structure and communication channels of business* An analysis of the management style and organizational culture, that considers how they affect the mental process of the business and helps meet objectives* A description of the ICT methods apply for both internal and orth ogonal communication* A detailed analysis of the impact of ICT upon internal and external communications of the business and consider how this affects performance of the business* An examination of how structure, management style and culture interrelate to determine the success of the business* Descriptions of the quality pledge and control systems used in the business and analyze how effective these are in adding value* A consideration of alternative methods of quality control including their potential benefits and drawbacks, and the effects it could have on functions and objectives of the business.Task AName of business AvonLocation CorbyBrief history o... ...y the level above it.The person at the top, Andrea Jung, has general responsibility. The film director is prudent for communicating company policy and makingsure it is carried out. Managers are in charge of each departments andare responsible for carrying out the directors decisions. Their roleis to organize st aff and trigger them. They must be good atcommunication. This organisational chart is a visual image of the company. Thestructure indicates the merge of communication, with the director abovewho gives information to the various new(prenominal) departments with thecommunication flow moving down. It also shows the responsibility ofindividuals and who they are responsible to. For example, the salesdivision is responsible for the project manager section, and areaccountable to the legal department, and at a higher level, thedirector of the company. An Investigation of Avon Essay -- Business Management StudiesIntroductionIn this project I will undertake extensive research into a large sizedbusiness. I have previously chosen the company Avon. My research willinvolve the collection of both primary and secondary data. I willcompete the report, which will include* Brief background information about the business and what it does* A description of the aims and objectives of t he business* An assessment of how successful the business is in meeting its objectives* An explanation of the legal structure of the business and consider how appropriate is it* An explanation of how each functional area contributes towards the aims and objectives of the organization* A detailed explanation and diagram of the organizational structure and communication channels of business* An analysis of the management style and organizational culture, that considers how they affect the performance of the business and helps meet objectives* A description of the ICT methods used for both internal and external communication* A detailed analysis of the impact of ICT upon internal and external communications of the business and consider how this affects performance of the business* An examination of how structure, management style and culture interrelate to determine the success of the business* Descriptions of the quality assurance and control systems used in the business an d analyse how effective these are in adding value* A consideration of alternative methods of quality control including their potential benefits and drawbacks, and the effects it could have on functions and objectives of the business.Task AName of business AvonLocation CorbyBrief history o... ...y the level above it.The person at the top, Andrea Jung, has overall responsibility. Thedirector is responsible for communicating company policy and makingsure it is carried out. Managers are in charge of each departments andare responsible for carrying out the directors decisions. Their roleis to organize staff and motivate them. They must be good atcommunication. This organisational chart is a visual image of the company. Thestructure indicates the flow of communication, with the director abovewho gives information to the various other departments with thecommunication flow moving down. It also shows the responsibility ofindividuals and who they are responsible to. For example, the sal esdivision is responsible for the project manager section, and areaccountable to the legal department, and at a higher level, thedirector of the company.

An Investigation of Avon Essay -- Business Management Studies

IntroductionIn this put I go out undertake extensive enquiry into a large sized art. I have previously chosen the company Avon. My research willinvolve the collection of both primary and vicarious data. I willcompete the report, which will include* Brief background information about the job and what it does* A description of the aims and objectives of the business* An assessment of how thriving the business is in meeting its objectives* An business relationship of the legal structure of the business and consider how appropriate is it* An explanation of how apiece functional bea contributes towards the aims and objectives of the organization* A comminuted explanation and diagram of the organizational structure and communication channels of business* An analysis of the steering style and organizational culture, that considers how they affect the performance of the business and helps meet objectives* A description of the ICT methods used for both internal and external c ommunication* A detailed analysis of the impact of ICT upon internal and external communications of the business and consider how this affects performance of the business* An examination of how structure, management style and culture interrelate to hold back the success of the business* Descriptions of the quality assurance and lock systems used in the business and analyse how effective these are in adding value* A condition of alternative methods of quality control including their potential benefits and drawbacks, and the do it could have on functions and objectives of the business.Task AName of business AvonLocation CorbyBrief history o... ...y the aim above it.The person at the top, Andrea Jung, has overall responsibility. The handler is responsible for communicating company policy and makingsure it is carried out. Managers are in charge of each departments andare responsible for carrying out the conductors decisions. Their roleis to organize staff and motivate them . They must be good atcommunication. This organisational chart is a visual image of the company. Thestructure indicates the flow of communication, with the director abovewho gives information to the various other departments with thecommunication flow moving down. It also shows the responsibility ofindividuals and who they are responsible to. For example, the salesdivision is responsible for the couch manager section, and areaccountable to the legal department, and at a higher level, thedirector of the company. An Investigation of Avon Essay -- Business Management StudiesIntroductionIn this project I will undertake extensive research into a large sizedbusiness. I have previously chosen the company Avon. My research willinvolve the collection of both primary and secondary data. I willcompete the report, which will include* Brief background information about the business and what it does* A description of the aims and objectives of the business* An assessment of how s uccessful the business is in meeting its objectives* An explanation of the legal structure of the business and consider how appropriate is it* An explanation of how each functional area contributes towards the aims and objectives of the organization* A detailed explanation and diagram of the organizational structure and communication channels of business* An analysis of the management style and organizational culture, that considers how they affect the performance of the business and helps meet objectives* A description of the ICT methods used for both internal and external communication* A detailed analysis of the impact of ICT upon internal and external communications of the business and consider how this affects performance of the business* An examination of how structure, management style and culture interrelate to determine the success of the business* Descriptions of the quality assurance and control systems used in the business and analyse how effective these are i n adding value* A consideration of alternative methods of quality control including their potential benefits and drawbacks, and the effects it could have on functions and objectives of the business.Task AName of business AvonLocation CorbyBrief history o... ...y the level above it.The person at the top, Andrea Jung, has overall responsibility. Thedirector is responsible for communicating company policy and makingsure it is carried out. Managers are in charge of each departments andare responsible for carrying out the directors decisions. Their roleis to organize staff and motivate them. They must be good atcommunication. This organisational chart is a visual image of the company. Thestructure indicates the flow of communication, with the director abovewho gives information to the various other departments with thecommunication flow moving down. It also shows the responsibility ofindividuals and who they are responsible to. For example, the salesdivision is responsible for the p roject manager section, and areaccountable to the legal department, and at a higher level, thedirector of the company.

Stolen

Lauren Moore 0150 Ms Clevenger 21 November 2011 Stolen The book, Stolen, by Vivian Vande Velde was found for me at the John Vaughn nonspecific urethritis library. It is a mystery and heroic book, to which I should mention that mystery, love, and adventurous are my favorite types of books so two out three isnt bad at wholly. The author Vivian Vande Velde has written many other books. Most of her books are for children a couple of them are in the age group of teen and adult. Like for mannikin The Conjurer Princess and The Changeling Prince are both books for early teen and beginning adult ages.There are a lot of characters in my book. There is a wee girl who goes by the name Ravyen she leaves with her grandparents which really their not her grandparents they adopted her. Avis and Browley, which are the grandparents of Ravyn. There is Ravyns friend Orsen who thinks he is smarter than everybody else and attempts to act tough and big most Rayvn but it never works out the way he had p lanned on it to. Then there is Isabelle, she is the girl in my book that is lost and wakes up in Ravyns grandparents house to notice that she remembers nothing including her own name.The main character is my book is the witch, now the witch is a mean previous(a) person who according to the village has been stealing everybodys new born babies. The genre of my story is mystery, a little scary, and adventurous. Its not to keen-sighted of a story but it is just long enough that you can read it in one to two days. Im the same way with my books as I am with my movies. I like my movies a little scary but to scary to where I have nightmares, more mystery therefore adventurous but to where I have to actually pay attention because if I dont Ill get lost really bad end-to-end my book you have to really pay attention to very single detail because if you dont you will miss a step and then you will just be lost throughout the rest of the book. It starts out telling you about Isabella, shes run ning through the woods in her long gown type of dress. She has no idea why shes running, what shes running from. Nor where she is running to. She begins to hear dogs barking and running toward her direction. She begins to climb up into a maneuver but benefits its way to high for the next branch to reach and if she jumps she will fall and who knows what the dogs could do to her.She ends up just laying there the owner of the dogs, Avis, finds her all covered in blood, he gentle picks her up and carries her back to the house where Ravyn, her new born puppies ,and Aviss wife Browley are. As time goes on they realize that Isabella is blank, she know s nothing, but there is a family that hears about Isabella **You have introduced Rayven and Orson in the beginning paragraphs, but then start talking about Isabella who is she? You pauperization to introduce your characters.Is the witch really the main character or is Rayven, or Isabella? Use the terms protagonist and antagonist. Also, wha t is the theme? What is the main idea of the book? If you do not know, look it up on Google search. Conclusion goes here what do you think of the book? How would you rate it? Would you recommend it to everyone? workings Cited Insert the List of Works Cited here. To create your list of Works Cited, use CiteWrite click Start, Programs, DrPaper4, References CiteWrite. For help using CiteWrite, click on the Help menu in CiteWrite.If you just have a few works to cite, you can use these examples to type them by hand Anderson, Frank J. An Illustrated History of the Herbals. New York Columbia University Press, 1977. Gardener, Edwin D. , Elizabeth Miner, and G. D. Royans. Heretics. 16th Century England. Ed. Samuel Nevins and Lisa Bointer. London Methaneon, 1988. 327-84. unhorse Fit in Seven Days. Health and Medicine. 2006. Society of Heart Physicians. 26 Mar. 2006 . Myers, Bethany. Public Ritual. Citizen Forum 8 (1922) 221-29. Delete this text before you turn in your paper

Accountability in the Health Care Industry

Accountability inside the health c atomic number 18 industry S. Thomas University of Phoenix Leadership and Performance Development HCS/475 Paula Smith border district 25, 2010 Accountability inside the health care industry Accountability by definition can best be described as the perception of beingness held answerable for ones actions or decisions (Gelfand, Lim, and Raver, 2004, pg. 138).Unfortunately, for some Americans the terms obligation or accountability standards appear to be nothing more than cleverly marketed buzzwords that are used to fool imprudent consumers into a believing that there is a dust of proper stoppages and balances within American businesses (Hughes, 2004). After all, for years the American humans has taken a front roll seat to watch business after business fold because their company executive were brought up on charges of accountancy fraud, theft, or ethical violations (Valentine, Godkin, Page, and Rittenburg, 2008).The cynicism of these detractors i s clearly understandable, considering that to date only a handful of executives have been successfully prosecuted or charged with a crime. Despite the validity of the detractors argument, there is one fact that these cynics seem to forget and that is, the concept of accountability dates back to the time of Aristotle, who back then, contextualized the subject in terms of justice, punishment, and social control (Gelfand, Lim, and Raver, 2004).In fact, accountability is a topic that has been closely aligned with psychology, politics, law, education, health care, and organizational behavior (Gelfand, Lim, and Raver, 2004). Indeed, accountability and accountability standards are a crucial component of each and each discipline, especially in the field of health care. Health care is a unique business in that the industry has a fiduciary duty to federal, state, and topical anaesthetic governments. Not only do professionals mployed within the industry have different professional and ethica l obligations but every decision or judgment that is spend a penny will also have a direct impact on the way care is delivered. Nonetheless, the doubts and misgivings of the American consumers has forced health care organizations into taking a more hands-on approach toward fostering a climate of accountability inside organizations. These consumer demands forced organizations to implement transparent accountability standards.Furthermore, there are 2 successful approaches that businesses have used to shift to a more productive stand. The first is by establishing strategic performance objectives and rateing their effectiveness (Mulvaney-Harris, Zwahr, and Baranowski, 2006). For instance, in the past if a nurse made a medication error by giving a medication a patient was allergic to the prevailing wisdom was to vacate the incident or keep the knowledge of the incident within the department where it occurred.Back then, the protocol for medication errors was to inform the physician, charge nurse, department manager, and lastly the nurse supervisor. straight instead of containing these incidents within the department, hospitals managers are instead using these incidents as a teachable moment and to gather data. Meaning, that instead on punishing the employee or redness them, managers are revisiting incidents, patient loads or training procedures to make certain that employees are properly trained or reviewing the processes before a medication is prone (St. John Medical Center, 2004).The second approach that successful organizations have used is to incorporate systems of checks and balances that are interdependent throughout their businesses. The sole purpose of instituting a system of checks and balance is to ensure that there is an internal control mechanism in place to impede fraud, waste, or abuse. In the example of the medication error, the system of check and balances that was instituted created an audit trail by purchasing an automatic medication dispen ser that would only release medication designate for that specific patient (Business Dictionary, 2010).If another medication error occurred, this error could be traced to the nurses for that patient, the pharmacy department who stocked the dispenser, and the physician who ordered the medication. For some health care facilities, employing a system of balances entails giving mid-level managers the authority to make decisions and the related responsibilities to verify execution is distributed among different departments (Business Dictionary, 2010). The unexpected benefits of implementing organizational checks and balances systems have permanently transformed todays health care organizations.Specifically, the corporate support of internal accountability standards has created a positive work climate that progresss greater understanding and support for the organizations mission, while simultaneously enhancing the decision making abilities of managers (Mulvaney-Harris, Zwahr, and Baranow ski, 2006, pg. 438). To continuously promote or foster these productive environments 21st century health care facilities will have to keep establishing strategic performance objectives to gather data, measure it, and assess the procedures effectiveness. Not just to quell the voices of cynical detractors but also to run efficient organizations.References Business Dictionary (2010). Definition of checks and balances. BusinessDictionary. com Retrieved on March 23, 2010 from http//www. businessdictionary. com/definition/checks-and-balances. hypertext markup language Gelfand, M. J. , Lim, B. C. , and Raver, J. L. (2004). Culture and accountability in . organizations Variations in forms of social control across cultures Science-Direct. Human Resource commission Review. Vol. 14 Iss1. Elsevier Science Inc. Retrieved on March 20, 2010 Hughes, S. (2004). Critics blame of push to weaken corporate accountability laws CQ Weekly- banking & Financial Services.Retrieved on March 21, 2010 from Sag e Publications Mulvaney-Harris, R. R. , Zwahr, M. and Baranowski, L. (2006). The trend toward accountability What does it mean for HR managers? Science-Direct. Human Resource Management Review. Vol. 16. Elsevier Science Inc. Retrieved on March 20, 2010 St John Medical Center (2004). SOP Medication Errors. St. John Medical Center Tulsa OK Retrieved on April 2004 Valentine, S. , Godkin, L. , Page, K. , and Rittenburg, T. (2008). Gender and ethics Ethical judgments, ethical intentions and altruism among healthcare professionals. Retrieved from Emerald, on March 23, 2010

Dr. Phil: A Disturbing Episode on Sexual Abuse Essay

Recently, an episode of Dr. Phil aired which addressed the issue of informal molestation. It was different from new(prenominal) shows about molestation, in that they normally address the sexual abuse being perpetrated by a stranger, parent, or extended family member. In this case the perpetrator was the oldest of five-spot children, Mikai, 19.Brad and Kenda are married and gestate five children four boys, Mikai being the oldest, and one girl, the youngest. Both parents work and take care of the children. Brad and Kenda came to Dr. Phil with worries about their son being a sexual predator. There catch been m some(prenominal) accusations from different aged girls over the past several years that had led them to this conclusion. Most of all, they were worried that Mikai has been molesting their daughter. When they first became suspicious of Mikais relationship with his sister, they scar up a two brother rule under which no one brother could be alone with the little girl at any tim e. When they first became aware of the inappropriate sexual behavior between Mikai and these girls, they began monitoring his internet access to prevent him from harassing more potential victims. Later on in the show, with the knowledge that Mikai is a pathological liar, he was given a polygraph test.The results showed that he was engaging in the sexual assault of his sister, as well as other girls. Both of his parents had a look of disgust on their faces upon receiving these results. Mikai still tried to deny these accusations even though the polygraph test was administered by a world historied expert. Dr. Phil told Mikai that he needed to own what he has done and be account fitted for it. Mikai responded by admitting that he had sexually molested his sister once Later, when Dr. Phil asked Mikai a question, Brad tell You better talk to him because youre dead to us which led to Mikai crying. Kenda expressed that although she was both hurt and angry, she didnt love Mikai any less. T he decision was made by the parents and Mikai in agreement with Dr. Phil that Mikai would need a lot of help and rehabilitation. Both of the parents agreed with Dr. Phil that Mikai would not be allowed to live at their house anymore and would have absolutely no access to the little girl. Dr. Phil said that although he was willing to help Mikai, the protection of the little girl was his number one priority.The only natural action that the family was shown doing together was going on Dr. Phil, and even then the little girl was not present, in order to conceal her identity. Though this show did not sustentation the authors of Millennial Rising idea that child abuse is on the decline, the abuse was not carried out by either parent, but the oldest brother instead. The show emphatically disproved the authors idea that millennials have more supervision than earlier generations. It seemed that although the parents cared, neither one of them quit their job to ensure the safety of the litt le girl. Instead, the four boys watched her and had little to no control over situations between the oldest brother and the sister. Because there was hardly any interaction between the parents and the children shown, none of the kids attitudes towards the parents could be established.In conclusion, I do not believe that Mikai, nor any sex offender can ever be rehabilitated. I think that he will always be a terror to society and should be kept away from women and children for the rest of his life. He will always have the impulse to sexually assault someone and the chances of him being able to overcome that impulse every time he has it is almost nonexistent. I do not feel any sympathy for Mikai. However, I feel a lot of sadness for the rest of the family, especially the little girl. They have a long road of recovery still left to travel.

Nurse Betty

Nurse Betty is not so much a movie close to a nurse, but it is a good depiction of hownurses can sometimes be portrayed by the media. In this film a small town waitress named Bettyfixates on one doctor as portrayed in her favorite soap opera, A Reason To Love.After witnessing her husbands finish while watching an episode Betty begins tobecome delusional, believing that she is a nurse in the hospital where the character of Dr. Ravellfrom the soap opera works. Betty also believes herself to be his ex-fianc and that she is thus far inlove with him. As this delusion takes hold she packs her bags and leaves the scene of the crime tohead to Los Angeles to find him.Because of her delusions Betty does not often relate well with others. She has convincedherself that she is an veritable nurse and is in love with Dr. Ravell. For this reason she fails tounderstand why others cannot accept this.The remaining nurse, doctor and hospital administration portrayals are all minor roles. many anoth er(prenominal) are little to a greater extent than walk-ons and cardboard cut-out soap opera stereotypes.The ones whoare really in these positions and not characters from the soap opera are portrayed more fairly thanthe soap characters.When Betty arrives at what she believes is the hospital where Dr. Ravell works theadministration is at first depicted as sincere in response to her claims of being a nurse andlooking for Dr. Ravell, an acclaimed cardiologist who should work there. Even though he hasnever been heard of before.Little is shown of how Betty handles herself as a nurse. Mainly this is due to the itemthat she is not a nurse. Even though she believes herself to be one. The other minor portrayals ofnurses in this movie are generally positive and believable.Overall this movie shows several examples of how Hollywood portrays those in themedical profession. Both with the medical professionals as characters and with the morestereotyped soap opera characters.LaBute, N. (Director). (2000). Nurse Betty Film Hollywood Gramercy Pictures

European Economic and Monetary Union

Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) is a hotshot funds area within the atomic number 63an Union single market in which people, goods, services and capital move without restrictions. It creates the framework for economic harvest-time and stability and is underpinned by an independent central bank and legal obligations on the participating extremity States to pursue sound economic policies and to coordinate these policies very closely.As trade between the EU Member States reaches 60% of their total trade, EMU is the natural complement of the single market.This market will work more(prenominal) efficiently and deliver its benefits more fully with the removal of high transaction costs brought about by currency conversions and the uncertainties linked to exchange rate instability. EMU and the economic performance of the Euro area will have their largest external effects on neighboring economies in western atomic number 63 and on developing and transition countries with important trade and financial links to Europe, including countries that link their currencies to the Euro.Among emerging market economies, those likely to be most impact are the transition countries of the central and Eastern Europe and the Baltics.The global environment has been favorable in a number of respects for the transition to EMU and the achievements of its objectives. The inexpugnable demand for euro-area exports from industrial countries at more advanced stages of the business cycle and the depreciation of the currencies of euro area countries over the past four years fostered a strengthen of growth in the euro area and helped to offset the effects of the Asian crisis.There are also ch all toldenges for EMU in the global economic environmentThe crisis in Asia and other emerging market economies could produce adverse spillover effects and make the monetary policy more difficult to carry out.The continuation of the crisis could result in weakening of the external demand, which, in turn, could dampen confidence and domestic demand.The financial market volatility could increase the uncertainty in assessing the economic indicators.The economic crisis in emerging markets could influence the commercial banks in the euro- area to make substantial provisions for non-performing loans.It is, of course, impossible to predict the properties of the behavior of the exchange value of the Euro. With regard to kind trend, it seems likely that the Euro will tend to appreciate against the U.S. dollar and pound sterling over the following(a) few years, but depreciate against the japanese yen when Japans economic recovery begins.The United Kingdom and the United States have reached relatively advanced stages of their cyclical upswings, with resources more fully utilized than in the euro area, the Euros initial value comparing to the pound and the U.S. dollar can reasonably be considered to be below its medium- limit equilibrium. As the economic recovery in Europe proceeds and the g rowth in the U.K. and U.S. economies slows, the Euro will most likely appreciate against those currencies. On the other hand, Japan economy remains in the critical position. The resumption of moderate growth will lead to a recovery of the yen. Thus Euro is expected to depreciate against the yen over the next few years.According to nigh widely made predictionsEurolands capital markets, from equities to corporate bonds to municipal finance, will grow exponentially in coming years as the removal of cross-border currency risk of exposure drives pan-European markets.The Euro will stand alongside the dollar as the second-most-important currency in theworld, reflecting its coming role in global trade and finance as healthful as its common usage by 290 million Euroland citizens.The new central bank has been given the independence to pursue price stability as aprimary objective. This feature will affect the credibility of the ECB positively and thus the investors would see the Euro as a stable store of value in the next decade.Once the single currency takes effect, the national central banks of the euro area willreduce their global reserve holdings. Trade within the euro area will be denominated in a single currency and will no hourlong need to be backed by international reserves. Estimates of the EMU countries resulting surplus of international reserves range from $50 billion to $230 billion.The scenarios that are presented in the European heraldic bearing Forward Studies Units report regarding the economic situation in Europe towards the year 2010, reflect the possibilities rather fairly. I personally find the report an accurate study containing precise predictions. Out of the five futures for Europe, I speculate the Scenario No.3 seems the most logical and possible theory to occur.The reason I chose this particular scenario is because it focuses on the following issuesTransformation of the national sectorEfforts to include Eastern EuropeAgreements on unemp loyment issuesTurning hierarchical pyramids on their headsAlthough in some countries public administrations such as central, regional and local government have started to make preparations for the ingress of the Euro, in general the evidence is that such organizations have taken few practical steps to prepare for the changeover. The grounds mainly are that they have mountain of time because they operate largely at the retail end of the marketplace and that they will need to await the circulation of the new notes and coins. The view of the Federation des Experts Comptables Europeens (FEE) is that this is a unsafe and potentially costly strategy and that early preparation is essential to reduce both risks and costs. Public administrations therefore ought to be preparing their own management and operations systems flat for the changeover to the Euro according to advice issued by FEE.In the near future, member states would often present the Commission with their convergence program s, which would also assess long term prospects for the public sector. These programs would indicate the durability of deficit golf strokes in the countries whose public economies have been urgently trimmed to meet Euro conditions. Economic growth and structural reforms to reduce cost pressures on the budget are permanent methods but, for example, special taxes need to be supplemented by corrective measures to ensure permanentbudget discipline. Indeed, the views of member states about the long term public economy could diverge when their euro-eligibility is assessed and the choice of euro members has to be explained to the public.The European Union is currently being enlarged to include the transition countries of the Baltics and Eastern Europe. The countries that intend to gather the union will need to show progress toward meeting the Maastricht criteria. Potential EU members must overcome a number of challenges. They need to progress with privatization and to stay put to reduce government involvement in their economy while disassembling monopolies, removing trade restrains and developing flexible labor markets. Six countries-Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Poland and Slovenia-have received favorable opinions from the Commission on their applications. These countries have already made good progress in meeting the guidelines of the treaty.In this particular scenario No.3, the accession negotiations of the Union with Turkey is mentioned. I personally think without the contributions of the Eastern Europe and the Baltics the future objectives of the Euro and the European Union can not be accomplished. Especially the future admission of Turkey to the Union is decisive regarding the geographical position of thiscountry, which not only connects Europe to Asia but also, forms a bridge of culture, a common ground between people from different horizons. and the Union still ignores the importance of Turkeys role in various agreements and settlements mad e between Europe and Asia which are vital for the future of EU. scarce in the next decade as it starts to see the big picture, the efforts of the Union to include the Eastern Europe in the game would increase remarkably.Strong growth will allow further progress in reducing the euro districts high railway lineless rate. Some of the members unemployment rate decreased drastically by keeping the game close to the euro zone standards.Job growth has been spurred by record low interest rates, a result of cuts from high levels to assure euro zone convergence. Low rates are fueling domestic demand, especially consumer spending and construction. Business investment is also gaining. Still, global weakness is depressing exports, and thats why job growth is expected to slow a bit in the second half. Even as construction, agriculture, and services, especially tourism, post solid growth, manufacturing jobs fell .The governments plan to cut prices in regulated utilities, likely to be followed b y efforts to reform pricing in retail distribution and certain services. Some member countries have a lot of employees who want to work more hours. So automatically a connection is established between the government and the public. In 2010 the governments together with other businesses, local authorities and community associations would continuously try to move the obstacles in the way and make it easier for the unemployed citizens to find a job in a straight environment.Turning hierarchical pyramids on the heads. That phase itself made this scenario No.3 look more real than the others. Europe has a long history and the Europeans have lived through more dramatic events than any other culture of the world. It is now time to give the people of Europe something special. Only but only if the hierarchical pyramids are glum on their heads, will the Europeans thoroughly support the EMU and the Euro. Transformation of the public sector, efforts to include Eastern Europe and the efforts o n the critical unemployment issue are all a part of the strategy in the new epoch Shared Responsibilities. It is now time that people take the real issue in their men and get in charge. The times when everything is expected from the governments are over.For the professional organizations of Europe the launch of the Euro presents an important organizational and even philosophical challenge. By bringing calibrate barriers to cross-border trade, the Euro makes a pan-European perspective crucial for efficient and effective operations. Many companies are, therefore, focusing on changing their culture, not their organizational structure. To be successful, Europeans will no longer be able to look at themselves as operating with complete autonomy rather, they will have to see themselves as operating within a federation of businesses that, while independent, share common responsibilities.

Police Authority and Accountability in Australia

INTRODUCTION jurisprudence ships officers in Australia, as well as worldwide, pass on been consistently charge of abusing their authority oer the years. Police officers ar known to protect and serve and to be the equity en eventrs of the land, and due to the reality that to the highest degree human beings argon concerned about self-satisfaction and rectitude littleness, constabulary authority can often metres be misconceived as abusive and aggressive.The functions of the natural law are consistently being scrutinized by the media, the community and even politicians, not to mention that police force are, and not just in Australia hardly worldwide, held as atomic number 53 of the most estimateable in society (Robertson, 1998). In order to essentially resolve these issues, the focus of the research should be related to police officers and specific issues much(prenominal) as use of force, police discretion, delegation of authority and the attempts that were made to co ntrol officers behaviours in Australia.WHAT IS practice of law AUTHORITY? Firstly, authority can be defined as broadly speaking and basically, Persons having power or powers that other people will not naturally be allowed to have. Bringing this definition toward linking it to police authority, this is where the police officer has legal power of enforcing laws, and at all times should be given the respect, because they are the gate keepers of society, our guardian angels who will be watching over us twenty quaternion seven.For example, we are to respect our parents they care for us and provide for us our basic needs, I believe that police officers are almostwhat the same because they provide us the citizens with safety and when there is a problem we can run to them at m both times. Although police authority whitethornbe a good thing, there are in like manner the pit falls with it, in that, there is the abuse of police authority.Some officers due to bad apples meaning some office rs are dirty cops, because of greed and selfishness, also some officers believe that they are above the law, because they enforce the law, but I believe in the eye for an eye theory if you do the crime, you should do the time no one is above the law. WHAT IS POLICE ACCOUNTABLILITY? Firstly accountability is It is a fundamental principle of a democratic society that the police should be held to account for their actions. Accountability includes both what the police do and how they perform.What an officer does or how they do what they do is extremely critical in the world of policing. The entire concept of police accountability revolves around these two criteria, which according to how effective they are executed, may make or break an officers policing career. Agency-level accountability involves the performance of law enforcement agencies with respect to controlling crime and disorder and providing services to the public ( subject Institute of Justice, 1999). Individual-level account ability involves the conduct of police officers with respect to lawful, respectful, and equal treatment of citizens. walker, 2007). I candidly believes that police accountability should be very vital inwardly policing. Officers should be held accountable for their actions like any other individual. POLICE AUTHORITY IN AUSTRALIA In Australia the authority and powers of the police services are clearly defined and understood by officers, these powers are being tested by the courts and even the police themselves, the police know the limit of their authority and powers, but at sometimes politicians, legal professions and even the community are reluctant to greatly alter those powers.Hence the reason wherefore officers may have to use force, law enforcement officers are authorized to use force in specific circumstances, officers in Australia are trained as any other police officer worldwide, but the matter of the issue is how much force to use, this is referred to as police discretion. Authority and abuse needs to be differentiated, because they are not at all supposed to be equal to the same thing. Generally, the way in which the police may maintain social order successfully is mainly in alignment with the use of force exercised by the police officers.Many people, citizens of Australia and even the world, here the term use of force being used consistently, whether it may be via the media or directly from a police officer, but what does the term really mean? Use of force is simply and basically the amount of force that is required of a police officer to ensure that an unwilling offender complies with the law enforcer (National Institue of Justice, 2012). Where it is unnecessary to use brute force, a police officer ought to refrain from so doing. An officer can use force in ifferent ways, either verbally or physically also it may be less lethal or lethal (National Institue of Justice, 2012). Even as it remains that the police officer in Australia has the right to use force where necessary, how then do we lay out when he should use which method of force, and how to deal with an offender on the whole? Police discretion is used often times when it comes to more of the minor offences, such as alcohol use and urination, but one major encounter in Australia in which police discretion ought to be used is in similarity to people suffering from mental illness.Police discretion though, can be influenced by either personal relationships, or race or status, which ought not to be so, but realistically is it. There was one scenario in which a police officer encountered a cafe proprietor who had a traffic violation. The officer in this scenario, heady not to give the driver a traffic offence notice due to the relationship that had developed from before.Although many another(prenominal) other officers agreed with the officers decision to exercise gratitude toward the violator, this is not a welcoming and promising prospect for the future of law enforcem ent on the whole. Police discretion can be modify and affected by many other factors surrounding an offender in society. An unwilling and unruly suspect has a higher risk of being arrested than one who cooperates with the officer. Also, the police records of an offender may also influence the decision of the police.Even with relation to juvenile, police discretion can be altered but not by the juvenile themselves. The parents or Guardians of the juvenile may weigh in heavily on the decision and discretion of the police officer. In the case where the parent or guardian may be uninvolved or uncooperative, the officers may be led to take a different approach to the handling of this situation (Holmgren, 2012). POLICE ACCOUNTABILITY IN AUSTRALIA The face of the matter remains, and one which makes complete logical sense, is that whatever a police officer does, he/she need to account for it.Police in Australia, however, have been given a sense of discretion and freedom to fulfil their rol es in society without too much interventions of any judicial or overbearing official (Lewis, 2012). Police are not to be seen as independent and totally able to do as they will by members of society, which is not at all the case. Police usually have to consult the judiciaries in the commission of enquiry pertaining to accountability for their actions or allegations, but what prompted this move by the Government?Police in Australia in the past have been accused for many different things, such as police corruption, inefficiency and brutality. These falls of the police officers are not lose by the judiciary, and even though police are the protectors of society, they are very liable to penalisation and sanctions for their wrong if it is not properly accounted for (Lewis, 2012). Police accountability has over years do viewed as more of a problematic issue than that of an encouraging one.One of the major ongoing disturbances in Australias society is the case where polite litigation i s constantly overlooked as a form as accountability (Ransley, 2007)what exactly is civil litigation? Well, civil litigation is where someone is accused of doing wrong, but not necessarily a crime, and it is formally submitted to a court (Honeyman, 1999-2010) In fact and very evident to the world today, there have been many cases in Australia, in which persons have been involved in disputes with police officers for doing wrong yes, but not crimes.The reality that the purpose of civil litigation is to settle and fall some form of compensation for being wrongfully accused or dealt with, makes civil litigation a very critical aspect that should more than credibly be incorporated in the field of Police accountability mainly because it is a form of correction, just that it is from the civilian stand-point (Ransley, 2007).If in fact, the intent of the more new-fashioned police reform is directed toward the strengthening and to some extent upgrading of the individual and organisational a ccountability, then that makes civil litigation a very fundamental, effective and also it should be, a mandatory component in the effective completion of this goal. Attempts to control the behaviour of police officers are not only affected by civil litigation, but also by the measures in which police officers are dealt with for misconduct.Without the emphasis on the errors of police officers, the police force may adapt to the conditions which could lead to the abuse of their powers and authority. The inadequacy of consistent correction of officers often times may lead to the diminishing of confidence in the community in the police service (Perez, 2008). Internationally, this have become the evident scenario in the present society, as the trust and corporation between Police officers and communities is rapidly becoming a thing of the past, and this have been ighly influenced by the privation of legitimate duty and procedures by police officials. Officers have confrontations of a so rt among their own organisations because of the corrections that they may face having the issue to argue that to balance the leniency of misconduct and the acidness of crimes is difficult to manage (Perez, 2008). A common observation presently is that since authority is delegated rather than chosen gives police officials the opportunity to select the purloin officers to do the reputation and compatibility with the relative scenarios at hand.CONCLUSION Whether it may be the favourable opinion to some, or the contradicting bias to others, Policing authority and accountability is one of the fundamental aspects of efficient law enforcement. In the case where any of the two may fail or fall short in any aspect, there will continuously be a conflict in the relationship between Law enforcement and community, and also it may serve as the catalyst for the diminishing status of the police force.From the use of force, to the correction of police officers by their own organisations, the main concept is to ensure that the standard and reputation of the Australian law enforcement department. There have been a lot of complaints geared towards or targeted at the police officers, but in fact as much as the reality is that they do make some really uncharacteristic errors, they do uphold the law relatively efficiently.This is just another reinforcing point that the society at large tends to make judgements, especially toward individuals and systems within the law enforcement sector based on their benefit and fair treatment. Whether or not the case would have been that police officers in Australia abuse their powers or not, the simile of the rate in which civil litigation is turned away and how vast the difference is between the corrections that the police officers correct citizens to how intense and consistent the punishment and corrections of officers themselves are, would have still caused some sort of rift within the system.Nothing, it seems can truly be completely satisf ying and totally effective, and especially in a world where crime and deviance, because of the continuous introduction of laws and stereotypes via media interventions and other sources, the balance between being lenient and modest in terms of acts of misconduct, and being harsh and enforcing in situations that are more serious, or crimes, is very difficult to assess. The fact remains that o matter where the police system is today, in Australia, and even worldwide, the law enforcement sector cannot afford to cease from continuously modifying and developing their efforts and adaptations to the criminal advancements in society. REFERENCES Holmgren, L. (2012, April 12). Factors that affect Police officers discretion. Retrieved April 5, 2012, from ehow http//www. ehow. com/list_5960237_factors-affect-police-officers_-discretion. tml Honeyman, C. (1999-2010). Civil litigation. Colorado, united States of America. Lewis, C. (2012, may 5). Police, civilian and democratic accountability. Mona sh, Australia. National Institue of Justice. (2012, January 20). police use of force. D. C. , Washington, United States of America. Perez, M. R. (2008, august). Police discipline and community policing New models. Los angeles, USA. Ransley, J. A. (2007).Civil Litigation against Police in AustraliaExploring its extent, Nature and implications for accountability. Australian and New Zeland Journal of Criminology(Australian academician Press) , 143-160. Robertson, D. (1998). Public and Private policing Issues and options for collaboration within Australia. sydney n/a. walker, s. (2007, may N. D). police accountability current issues and research needs. POLICE ACCOUNTABILITY , p. 4.

Filipino Youth Subjective Well Being

Running Head Youth Subjective Well-Being Philippine Youth Students Subjective Well-Being Scale Kathlyn Rose Gabriel Maria Sophie Gatab Kimberly Lagumen Kristin Navalta Abstract The researchers of the preface study constructed a scale that is designed to measure the perceived indispensable well-being of the Filipino youth, and how they atomic number 18 strickleed by the three factors namely deportment felicity, negative push and positively charged degree collide with. The items were constructed ground on the information gathered by the researchers from journals and other sources.The researchers constructed a questionnaire with a 5-point Likert scale which consists of 59 items and was administered to 200 Filipino youth participants. The data analysis revealed a Cronbachs alpha of . 895 Filipino Youth Subjective well-being Scale The Filipino youth save their give way of satisfying their lives and how they will be contented and happy with it. The most common landly used question probing heart satisfaction is how meet argon you with your de mingyor as a whole at drink? Some argon uncertain with regards to their overall delight, while both(prenominal) argon certain that they are indeed happy and satisfied with their life.In this study, the researchers constructed a 5-point Likert Scale that is designed to measure an individualists perceived level of well-being. The researchers objective to settle d testify which factor gives stronger influence on the subjective well-being of the Filipino youth. Does it follow that Filipino youth with parents are happier than those without? Can the researchers conclude that youth who chose to have no social ne dickensrks, company, or friends, are l unmatchedlier than those with web-like affiliations? These are some of the queries that this research aimed to investigate on. Conceptual poser vh Figure 1. Filipino Youth Subjective Well-Being Framework Subjective well-being is defined as the individuals current evaluation of her happiness. Such an evaluation is often expressed in affective name when asked about subjective well-being, participants will often say, I feel good (Schwartz & Strack, 1999). Measuring stacks life happiness has one that makes life interest especially when they know that they are satisfied with what they feel. In the present study, the researchers came up with three sub-factors namely life satisfaction, positive affect and negative affect.They aimed to use these three factors to measure a persons perceived subjective well-being. Also, they were able to know how these factors put an effect on the Filipino youth. Affect describes the emotions and feelings of a person based on his or her present life. Life satisfaction is how an individual judges his or her overall satisfaction in life (Hoorn, 2007). Life satisfaction is the measure of an individuals perceived level of well-being and happiness. It is frequently assessed in surveys, by asking individuals how satisfi ed they are with their own lives.Positive and negative affect are some(prenominal) states and traits that have been shown to relate to personalities such as happiness and anxiety. Review of Related Literature Subjective well-being Subjective well-being (SWB) is the scientific name for how wad evaluate their lives in terms of a global judgment (such as satisfaction with ones life and experience of more frequent pleasant emotions as compared to god-awful emotions (Diener et al. , 1999). SBW is the self-evaluation of life satisfaction (Robbins & Kliewe, 2000, as cited in Vera et al. , 2008) and its cognitive evaluation is measured through judgments of life satisfaction.Meanwhile, affective components are measured by assessing the frequency of the occurrence of pleasant and unpleasant emotions. Life Satisfaction This clause looks into the situation of pack with spinal anaesthesia heap injury during acute rehabilitation and 3 months after(prenominal) discharge. The participants wer e assessed on how they can scale their life satisfaction during rehabilitation. The hypothesis of this study is that greater benefit finding, hope, and positive affect will be related to greater life satisfaction both during the initial acute rehabilitation period as well as 3 months post discharge.It was stated that spinal cord injury (SCI) can result to life changes. Decreased rates of returning to work (Schonherr, Groothoff, Mulder, & Eisma, 2005), poorer life satisfaction, decreased life participation, decreased independence, decreased community consolidation (Charlifue & Gerhart, 2004), and increased psychological distress have all been found to occur in this population. There were eighty-s still adults who were participating in in-patient acute rehabilitation for spinal cord injury in two metropolitan hospitals completed the Satisfaction with Life Scale.The results revealed initial support for facilitators playing an important role in life satisfaction, which facilitators con tribute uniquely at 3-month follow up. In summary, the results provide support for a predictive relationship between facilitator variable, life satisfactions for individuals with acute SCI. These findings suggest that facilitators potentially play a strong role in the rehabilitation patients subjective well being and provide potential avenues for interventions that could be proactively utilise to facilitate positive outcomes.According to the article about science of happiness, people have their unlike opinion on how they live their life but most people are non contended on it. According to the Subjective- well being (SWB), defines as an indicator of peoples happiness on how they rated their life as worth- life- sequence and on how people funding on to achieve satisfaction in their lives. A nonher idea of what constitutes a good life, however, is that it is desirable for people themselves to think that they are living good lives (Diener, 2000).Our study concerns college students o n how they rated their subjective well-being, since one of the sources of peoples subjective well-being is based on their self-fulfillment. Based on the article it was said that presents means from an international college sample of 7,204 respondents signified how students view happiness. These people asked the experimenter on how they often think about SWB and how important their SWB is for them. The results revealed that scores of the participants has a greater effect when it comes to rating their happiness.It was also revealed that it has a significant effect when it comes to their life satisfaction. The result revealed that people still wants to satisfy their lives and that they are busy finding their own happiness in life, and their basic and material needs come second to finding their own happiness. They give importance to their fulfillments, dreams and happiness. Diener and Fujita (1995) mentioned that people measure their subjected well-being (SWB) based on their physical at tributes, their capability to make friends, gain employment, and have romantic relationships and to generally feel empowered.A person with money should not sole(prenominal) be breach able to meet his or her basic physical needs but also should be able to develop his or her talents, have more choices in terms of recreation. The co variation of resources such as money, family support, social skills, and intelligence with subjective well-being (SWB) was assessed in 222 college students (110 men and 112 women) in Midwestern University. The resources found in SWB are material, social, or personal characteristics that a person possesses that he or she can use to make progress toward her or his personal goals.Resources can be external possessions (e. g. , money), social roles (e. g. , being a chairperson), and personal characteristics (e. g. , intelligence). The experimenters used a Life Scale, and a number of interesting findings emerged from this study. First, SWB, as measured by diffe rent methods, formed strongly convergent factors. Second, family and friends rated the target participants as above average on every single resource. Third, there are certain resources that are prominently depicted in the media as being very important to happiness (e. g. money, physical attractiveness, and material possessions). They theorized that those assets are related to SWB insofar as they help individuals earn states they intrust. To the extent that people differ in their desires and the resources they use to attain those desires, the effects of particular assets on SWB will differ from person to person. Happiness is a common goal toward which people strive, but for many it remains frustratingly out of reach (Buss, 2000). It was said that the best things in life are free but it was not stated how we can get them.Gaining happiness is hard to attain, and eagerness to gain happiness can frustrate people. In this article it was stated how people desire to feel happy. These inc lude the desire to be advantageful, to have a good life, to have friends who never let them down and to gain such confidence to scale life. When a people gain these desires, it can make them feel complete and satisfied. We as researchers conclude that fulfilling ones desire can make a person satisfied and happy. Affect Positive affectNumerous studies show that happy individuals are successful across multiple life domains, including marriage, friendship, income, work performance, and health because of positive emotions (Diener, King, & Lyubomirsky, 2005). The researchers suggested that happiness is linked to success not only because success breeds happiness, but also because positive affect causes success (Diener, 2005). This study implies that success of happy people rests on 2 factors one is that because happy people frequently experience positive emotions (positive affect), which makes them more likely to strive towards new goals while experiencing those emotions.Second is that people possesses skills and resources, which they have create in the past while experiencing positive emotions. This study implies that positive affect is a factor for a persons subjective well-being (happiness) which leads to the success of the person. In a study of Myers (2000), predictors of subjective well-being are revealed, which all involves positive emotions. Ed Diener (as cited in Myers, 2000) measured the subjective well-being of over 1. 1 million people over 45 nations through administering a survey.Results revealed that people who reported that they are happy seemed to look happy to their family members and close friends. The result of their fooling mood ratings revealed positive emotions as well. Depressed people reported to have negative emotions and that they are less healthy, physically and emotionally, than those who reported to be happy. Overall, this article shows that emotions affect how people perceive themselves (and how they are perceived by others) in terms of their subjective well-being.Caprara and Stecas (2005) study suggests that there are two main components of subjective well-being first, an individuals evaluation of life satisfaction according to subjectively determined standards, and second, the predominance of positive affect over negative affect (Diener, Suh, Lucas, & Smith, 1999, as cited in Caprara & Steca, 2005). Caprara (2005) suggested that life satisfaction, self-esteem and optimism are components of subjective well-being, and all together these three shares a common dimension called positive thinking.However, positive thinking is more stable overtime and holds stronger relations with a variety of other indicators of well-being when compared to life satisfaction, self-esteem, and optimism (Caprara & Steca, 2004, as cited in Caprara & Steca 2005). In the work of Bradburn (as cited in Caprara & Steca, 2005), the dominance of positive emotional experiences over negative ones was stated as a core dimension of subjective wel l-being. Later studies led to the suggestion that positive and negative affect are independent dimensions.As they are experienced in different life situations, the distinction between positive and negative affect are ought to be affective components of subjective well-being (Diener, 2000 Diener & Emmons, 1984 Diener, Smith, & Fujita, 1995 Diener, Suh, Lucas, & Smith, 1999 Zevon & Tellegen, 1982, as cited in Diener & Steca, 2005) Positive emotions signify that life is going well, the persons goals are being met, and resources are adequate (Clore, Wyer, Dienes, Gasper, & Isbell, 2001).The characteristics related to positive affect include confidence, optimism, and self-efficacy likability and positive view of others sociability, activity, and energetic. Positive emotions produce the course to approach rather than to avoid and to prepare the individual to seek out and undertake new goals. In this journal research evidence supports the notion that it is the amount of time that people e xperience positive affect that defines happiness. They also identify happy individuals as those who experience high average levels of positive affect.In summary, their review of the cross-sectional empirical literature suggests that happiness is positively correlated. Their interrogative sentence of the cross-sectional correlational literature thus far suggests that high subjective well-being is related to positive outcomes in many areas of life, which is brought by positive affect. disconfirming Affect In the article Happiness and Stereotypic Thinking in Social Judgment, the role of happiness and stereotyping in students perceptions and judgments and how both negative or positive emotions affect someones judgments are examined.The article hypothesized that if people felt happy, the tendency would be that the judgment would be positive, and when a persons mood is angry or sad the reaction would be negative. It was also stated that negative affect is the fuel for the fire of preju dice and stereotyping (Bodenhausen, Kramer Susser, 1994, as cited in OBrien, 2008). In this study, the participants were 94 undergraduate students (21 men and 73 women). At first the experimenter explained about recalling their happy memories to set their mood and after that they were asked to read a case.After that, they were asked to respond prior to reading it. The results yielded that person who have negative mood response into the case more stereotypic comparable to the happy subjects in the present experiments. These findings collectively suggest that previous views about the connections between affect and stereotyping have been proven. We, as the researchers conclude that if people have negative feelings (sadness, anger or depression) the tendency is that they may respond to an object or situation negatively contrasting to the person who has positive affect.People who have a feeling that theyre losing living their life or life is pretty hard for them feel negative emotions s uch as anxiety, sadness, anger, depression, or guilt etc. These affects made them feel that theyre not living their life worthy and contended. This article entitled Origins and Functions of Positive and Negative Affect A Control-Process View differentiated both affect as either positive or negative. But we the researchers would like to focus more on the negative affect. It was said that, when situations are unfavorable, people have negative feelingsanxiety, dysphoria, or hopelessness (Carver Scheier, 1990).That people who are in bad mood tend to view life negatively and being in a bad mood makes people see things negatively as well. Method Item Selection and Construction In constructing the Filipino Youth Subjective Well-Being Scale, the researchers had come up with two dimensions life satisfaction and affect (positive, negative). Each sub factor consist 20 questions. The researchers gathered data from supporting journals on constructing each item. After constructing the items, th e researchers had it evaluated by a professional.After the evaluation, the researchers constructed the items into a questionnaire. Data gathering The researchers administered the test online to 100 participants and a hard copy of the test to another 100 participants, totaling to 200 participants with a mean age of 19. 12. The participants came from different schools such as Miriam College, St. Paul University, University of the East, T. I. P, La Consolacion College, Far Eastern University, San Beda College, Centro Escolar University, ISCHAM, Polytechnic University of the Philippines and University of the Philippines.Data Analysis The researchers came up with the decision that some of the items would be revised because other statistical reliability analyses of these items are still acceptable. Table. 1 Retained Items Items QuestionCorrected Item-Total CorrelationCronbachs alpha if Item Deleted 1. I love spending time with my family. 457. 892 4. I enjoy being with my friends. 390. 893 6. I spend my time in doing things that really interest me .377 .893 7. I have a good grades at school. 292. 894 8. I am very passionate in everything I do. 392. 893 9. I do the things that I enjoy everyday. 46. 892 10. At the end of the day I am satisfied with what I have arrogatee . 495 .891 11. I am happy in my life right now. 494. 891 14. I always get what I want in my life to satisfy my need/s . 255 .894 15. I have accomplished more in my life, than other people . 208 .894 18. My life has a meaning. 420. 892 20. Life is climb of adventure. 438. 892 21. I feel loved by my family and friends. 596. 891 22. I feel that all my friends cares for me . 496. 892 23. My family and friends are afraid of losing me. 519. 891 24. I am satisfied with the activities that I do .553 .891 25.I feel energetic. 417. 892 26. I enjoy my physical education class. 129. 896 27. I am happy with my daily routine. 499. 891 28. I am in good spirit. 507. 891 29. I am scantily ever angry. 182. 895 30. I f eel satisfied. 573. 891 31. I am proud when I accomplish something. 450. 892 32. I can deal with my problems. 497. 892 33. I feel so inspired. 497. 891 34. I am so alive. 618. 890 35. I accept myself for who I am. 535. 891 36. I am a strong person. 459. 892 37. I accept all criticism with respect. 416. 892 38. I am willing to grow and learn from my mistakes. 449. 892 39.My friends always compliment that I am a cheerful person . 354 .893 40. I am able to keep my alleviate in complicated situations .327 .893 41. I enjoy doing risky things. 075. 896 Table. 2 Reversed Items Item QuestionCorrected Item-Total CorrelationCronbachs Alpha if Item Deleted 12. I find myself lonely sometimes .267 .894 16. I am not happy with my disposition in my life. 402. 892 43. I keep distance from others .260 .894 48. Ive been in trouble with the school policies .252 .894 56. I have tried to hurt or kill myself .318 .893 58. I am not interested in having close friends .367 .893 44.When I am stressed, I get paranoiac or just black out . 225 .895 47. My friends complain that I do not keep my commitments .225 .895 50. I often wonder who I really am .364 .893 51. Others consider me as moody or hot tempered .320 .893 54. I get into a lot of physical fights .332 .893 42. Some people are overjealous of me. 080. 896 52. I find it difficult to start something if I have to do it by myself. 283. 894 53. Others will use what I tell them against me. 344. 893 59. I never blockade or forgive those who do me wrong .145 .896 60. When alone, I feel helpless and unable to care for my self . 295 894 19. I feel anxious about the hereafter without knowing why. 115. 896 45. I avoid working with others who criticize me. 138. 896 46. I cant make decisions without the advice or reassurance of others . 227 .894 49. I make friends with other people only when I am sure that they like me .101 .896 55.I fear losing the support of my friends if I disagree with them . 143 .896 57. I use my looks to get the atten tion that I need. 125. 896 2. No one listens to me. 458. 892 13. Sometimes, I feel like a failure. 442. 892 3. I do not live with my own family. 226. 894 17. I used to enjoy life, now I dont. 54. 890 The items seen in Table 2 were reversed because of the inconsistency of the statistical results. The items were consistent to be scoring low in the item analysis that it might not be measuring the characteristics of Subjective Well-Being. The examiners considered to keep the items reversed as reliable, because it measures what it intends to measure. Table. 3 Dropped Item 5. My friends influence the way I see life .028 .895 The item seen in Table. 3 is dropped item, because the Corrected Item-Total Correlation scored low from the limit that was considered to be acceptable.Even if the item was revised the score of this item is still low. The examiners believed that if the item above is still include in the final items it will affect the reliability of the scale. The item was consistent to be scoring low in the item analysis that it might not be measuring the characteristics of a well-being of a person. Discussion The table below shows the reliability statistics of the scale when item 5 was deleted.Having a result of (. 90 above) made the instrument good and can be an ideal instrument for a longitudinal study. The finding indicates that Subjective Well-Being scale measures what it intends to measure even though there are many factors to be considered. Moreover, the researchers established that the scores of SWB scale were on the right track to be as sensitive as it can be to measure a scale of Subjective Well-Being. An item was deleted to make the Cronbachs Aplha increase. Now, having 59 items in the scale, with the previous item deleted, the Cronbachs Alpha was increased to . 95 which is an indication of a higher reliability as shown in Figure 2.

Creation Science Should Not Be Taught in Public Schools Essay

Since the first days of religious evolution, devotion and science earn continuously fought for their place under the sun. The system of human beings shoal has become the field of the violent bloody(a) conflict between the two disparate systems of beliefs. While religious fundamentalists sought to use public schooling as the means of religious propaganda, teachers and education professionals were trying to prove the relevancy and importance of teaching fair game scientific knowledge.Given the tension between science and religion, as well as the overt subjectiveness of religious beliefs, religion in habitual, and creationism in position, should non be taught in public schools, to provide children with the exemption of religious choice and to expand their intellectual and knowledge opportunities. The national system of public schools was always lacerated between the two opposite (religious and scientific) educational visions.While children were given a unique chance to recko n deeper into the essence of scientific knowledge, philosophers, education professionals, and religious adherents were trying to prove that religion did have to be taught at schools. Generally, religion is not a matter of scientific danger moreover, religion can serve the origin of reliable and never changing ethical and moral truths. The problem is, however, in that in its current accede religion consciously denies an hazard to reconcile with the objectivity and relevance of science. more thanover, religion works to deny the relevance of science as such, thus distorting childrens attitudes toward the world and putting them into a controversial environment alter with assumptions, myths, and beliefs. True, creationism and evolution percolatem incompatible but while many scientists are deeply religious and see scientific investigation and religious faith as complementary components of a well-rounded life (Ludden 577), it is religion that promotes hostility toward science.Moreover , apart from being spiritual guidance, the Bible in general and the science of creation, in particular provide the refuge from the calamities of life (Green 581), while present day children should be prepared to face the realities of life, quite of trying to escape them. In the light of these hostile intentions and attitudes, it is understandable why education professionals are opposed to integrate the science of creation with the major curriculum disciplines. Unfortunately, religious adherents do not accept the request for objectivity, which scientific knowledge promotes at schools.Instead of making religion a supplementary element of public education, fundamentalists view religion and the science of creation as instruments of propaganda. As a result, religion raises narrow (and largely misbalanced) convictions and opinions on children. As science seeks to reconcile with religion and to accept religion as a different (but not the opposite) scientific viewpoint, religion seeks to deny the relevance of science and does not accept the mere opportunity for science to be the basic element of public school education.The Kansas Board of Education has already modified the scope of scientific education in public schools, and the concept of evolution is no longer taught and explained to children. This rally concept of biology will be diluted or eliminated, thus reducing courses to do something the like chemistry without the periodic table, or American history without Lincoln (Gould 59). That is why the science of creation should not be taught at public schools not because it does not have the right to exist, but because it promotes distorted scientific visions, and does not provide children with a chance to embrace the benefits of scientific advancement.The science of creation should not be taught at schools because it narrows the scope of the public schools development to absurdity and reveals true scientific ignorance. The science of creation should not be t aught at schools because it is not science, but a set of ideas and beliefs that have never been documented or proved. To a large extent, religion should not be the central element of public education, due to the occurrence that it denies the need for intellectual development it does not stir childrens imagination and cannot serve the object of scientific inquiry.As a result, the science of creation with its continuous denial of objective scientific achievements in general and evolution, in particular, is nothing more but the instrument of anti-intellectualism (Gould 59) which cannot promote intellectual progress at social level. Krauthammer states that creationism is not included into any stern curriculum of any serious country, which means that serious countries and serious curriculum designers realize the intellectual threats of which creationism is the source.Moreover, it appears that serious countries are more attentive to the secular and scientific take of their citizens an d actively work to minimize religious fundamentalists access to public education. In our country, however, public schools remind a kind of a battlefield, with children being the victims of this secular vs. religious fight. Evolution is the sign of the ongoing scientific and graphic progress, while creationism is the science of conservation that denies the need for social progress.Religion is an invaluable element of the social executing in America, but it is relevant to the extent that does not distort the founding principles of public education, with objectivity and independence of choice in its center. Objectively, it is a matter of ethical tolerance, and in this situation science can teach children to hold and reconcile with contradictory beliefs. Religion has already ceased to be the source of tolerance, and creationism cannot teach children anything beyond supererogatory denial of the major scientific findings. Conclusion Creationism should not be taught at schools.Given th e negativity and scientific denial which it promotes, religion will create distorted produceing atmosphere and will work to impose religious beliefs on children. Instead of being the source of ethical values, religion has turned into the tool of anti-intellectualism and scientific conservation. As a result, to teach the science of creation at schools will mean to deprive children of the stimuli to search, investigate, learn and promote scientific and learning progress. Works Cited Gould, S. J. Dorothy, Its Really Oz A Pro-Creationist Decision in Kansas Is More Than aBlow Against Darwin. Time Magazine, no. 154 (1999) p. 59. Green, P. The Battle Over Creationism. In F. D. White & S. J. Billings, The Well-Crafted Argument A run away and Reader, 3rd ed. , Wadsworth Publishing, 2007, p. 580-83. Krauthammer, C. The Real Message of Creationism. 1999. Time. 11 May 2009. http//www. time. com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,992623,00. hypertext mark-up language Ludden, D. Teaching Evolutio n at a Christian College. In F. D. White & S. J. Billings, The Well-Crafted Argument A Guide and Reader, 3rd ed. , Wadsworth Publishing, 2007, p. 576-80.

IT Ethics and Security Essay

The broadsheet of Childrens Internet P hogwashection Act or CIPA is included in the United States Congress and is recommended to sustenance a tight rein on childrens disclosure to obscene websites and explicit material gettable on the cyberspace and online. This bill was proposed by the Senator of Arizona, Mr.John McCain who wanted CIPA to be in United States Senate in the year 1999 however it was not included until various other delegates launched it in the United States Ho social function of Representatives, posterior to which an absolute version was made and passed on the 15th December, 2000 after President Bill Clinton brought it into Law on 21st December, 2000 which after a few years on 23rd June, 2003 finally got defended by the domineering Court of United States of America (US zone Pennsylvania, 2010). This law requires the schools and public libraries to usance internet safety filters for the reaction of certain national financial support.Therefore the Supreme Court o f United States of America has followed on constitutionality CIPA and has been providing them with the relieves to gain reasonably priced telecommunications and Internet (Willard, 2007). Supreme Court of United States of Americas ruling on CIPA The function of CIPA was to provide the libraries and schools of the USA with support for internet and telecommunication facilities and this has been followed perfectly since the Supreme Court of USA sanction it however it has certain limitation.A legal apprehension for instructors is lawsuits brought done anxious parents and associations. Through certain internet filters the minors can be saved from the explicit content on the internet which whitethorn rot their minds at a very early age so this helps in preventing the data of school from being seen by some other sources and, therefore from all points provide maximum security to the children and their families (US District Pennsylvania, 2010).As mentioned there are certain limitation to the support program which includes that as per CIPA, schools and libraries at a lower place CIPA do not obtain the concession accessible through the E-rate program, which is a concession that provides the facility of internet to schools and libraries, until they confirm that they eat up all the internet security measures in place which include the filter of blockage of pictures which are obscene, which may contain explicit material or certain data which might be bad for the childrens mind, therefore the schools which have CIPA facility need to have proper monitoring system which is too infra(a) check of the USA authorities jus in case of any violation (Willard, 2007).Also the educational institutions and libraries under the watch and aid of CIPA have to implement an authority and are inquired about to check the children while they use the internet, send any electronic mail or use some kind of chatting resource through the web while special check on certain hacking or misuse of internet by a minor is done and all the information is under supervision of the authorities however it does not need tracing of internet and the websites used by the children or any adult during the subjection to CIPA as it can be done by the supervisor of the place where the internet is being used (US District Pennsylvania, 2010). Hence this has been one of the greatest steps taken by the United States government and surely has a brilliant positive effect on the minors as they not only learn the use of internet but are also protected through it.Conclusion The united states government has continuously taken steps for the betterment of its citizen and the ones through which they can be benefitted therefore this step of CIPA ruling under the Supreme Court of the USA deserves appreciation and especially the people who donate funds to help the schools and libraries rails and provide facilities the young minds

Gatto Against the School Critique Essay

What is boredom? According to John Taylor Gatto, boredom is ruining the late day societys teaching. Gatto is convinced that we ourselves is to blame for boredom, and believes everyone should be able to entertain themselves. How public upbringing cripples our kids, and why, written by John Taylor Gatto, is papered with consequences. Even though the literal beauty does non exist in the essay, he starts out blocking all the possible arguments that could be created in the first step up by placing evidences in his essay everywhere, unable to criticize on his content, reflection and analysis. Such small opinion such as boredom is ruining modern day grooming, according to Gatto.He starts off by how boredom overpowered the teachers and the students. Teachers atomic number 18 tired of students who are unwilling to learn, and students believe that teachers are unenthusiastic to teach. But Gatto believes that, principally because he was influenced by his grandfather, that state of bo redom has to be blamed on oneself, not others.And batch who cannot dole out the boredom are childish adults. This means that the way school is set up is already wrong. unintended teacher and students in the school means failure to teach, meaning the usance of the school is gone. If we wanted to we could tardily and inexpensively jettison the old, stupid structures and help kids take an education rather than merely receive a schooling But we dont do that. He denounces the current organization, and also knows what is needed to be done. Its true. Many of the teachers are not motivated to teach it seems that they are waiting for their payday. Students are not motivated also countless repeats of same concept, set academics it seems even weird to be motivated.Gatto only uses logical system to persuade the audience. every the evidence seems logical, and it seems morally right. Then he asks, Do we really need school? I dont mean education, just forced schooling six classes a day, cinque days a week, nine months a year, for twelve years. This question is actually frequently on topic. The questions are asked by different students every day, and even though it might seem like a veritable question, He uses this question rhetorically to set up more evidences that shutdowns the argument of his opposite sides.He uses the Greats as an example, such as Twain, Carnegie, Rockefeller and Edison, who never went to high school. And right before, he uses Washington, Jefferson, and Abraham Lincoln, who were never part of the school system to prove his argument once again. Then he repeats, in different words, What is the purpose of our public school? And the answer was to become a good citizen, good people, and to be at ones individualised best, according to the cultural traditions. But the school system has been criticized so much by the scholars back in the days.Their argument is that the system of schools originality is from Prussia, and adopted one of the worst aspects of Prussian culture an educational system deliberately designed to produce mediocre intellects, to hamstring the inner life, to deny students appreciable lead skills, and to ensure docile and incomplete citizens all in order to render the populace manageable. This is an extremely debatable statement, but looking at the current society, people are busy feeding themselves more than armed combat for what is right or sharing their own opinion about whatever.Then he quotes Inglis, a preferably well-known Harvard Professor, claiming the purpose of modern schooling is divided six basic functions. 1. Adaptive Function destroys the estimate that useful or interesting material should be taught. 2. Integrating function makes all the children alike as possible. 3. Diagnostic and directive function determines each students proper social role by keeping a cumulative records. 4. Differentiating function sorted by records and trained to their social role. 5. Selective function favoritis m, even if not meant.6. Propaedeutic function always cared, never stood alone. According to Inglis and Gatto, this is how the school system workings right now. The cultural tradition has been completely erased from the school mind, and Gatto uses perfect quote from Inglis to prove it. Even though some might argue that quote of Inglis might not be true, but it is from an influential and general Harvard Professor, meaning it definitely has values to be looked at.Gatto does not leave space for any weak evidence in his essay. All the evidences and analysis are agreeable, even to people who does not understand completely because everything is logical. All of his evidences can be understood by knowing how the society is currently. At the end of the essay,he describes how people live on. He describes us as trained to be employees and consumers, which is true, in a society ambitiousness is only a dream and reality is reality. Overall, Gatto wrote an unarguable essay, and if so someone a rgues against Gatto, that someone will not have many supporters to breakdown the impact that Gatto left in his essay.Gatto, John Taylor. Against School. Harpers Sept. 2003 33-38. Print.